ProductsHigh Nickel & Special Alloys

High Nickel Alloys & Superalloys

This group of alloys are used for their outstanding corrosion and high temperature resistance. Many are metallurgically related to the austenitic stainless steels but are much more highly alloyed, particularly with nickel, chromium and molybdenum in order to enhance their corrosion resistance. These alloys are used resist extremely corrosive conditions in the energy, power, chemical and petrochemical industries.

The term "superalloy" is applied to alloys which have outstanding high temperature strength and oxidation resistance. The nickel-based superalloys contain carefully balanced alloying additions of chromium, cobalt, aluminium, titanium and other elements. Often components are produced by carefully controlled solidification in order to get an optimum directionally solidified or even single crystal structure. These components can have strengths at 1000°C which exceed that of ordinary steels at room temperature. They are essential in the hottest parts of gas turbines both for power generation and aircraft.

Applications of Nickel Alloys

Nickel and nickel alloys are used for a wide variety of applications, the majority of which involve corrosion resistance and/or heat resistance. Some of these include:

Nominal Chemical Composition Nickel Alloys   Nickel Alloys
Type Ni C Mn Fe S Si Cu Cr Al Ti Mg Cb Mo Others
200
201
205		 99.5
99.5
99.5		 .080
.010
.080		 .180
.180
.180		 .20
.20
.10		 .005
.005
.004		 .180
.130
.080		 .130
.130
.080		 -
-
-		 -
-
-		 -
-
.030
.050		 -
-
-		 -
-
-		 -
-
-
211
212
220
230		 95.0
97.0
99.5
99.5		 .100
.200
.040
.050		 4.75
2.00
.100
.080		 .380
.750
.050
.050		 .008
.015
.004
.004		 .080
.150
.030
.020		 .130
.20
.050
.050		 -
-
-
-		 -
-
-
-		 -
-
.030
.003		 -
-
.050
.060		 -
-
-
-		 -
-
-
-		 -
-
-
-
Monel (Nickel-Copper) Alloys.
400 66.s 0.15 1.00 1.25 0.012 0.25 31.5 -
Incoloy (Nickel-Chromium) Alloys
600
601
625
X-750
751
 76.0
60.5
61.0
73.0
72.5
 0.08
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.05
 0.5
0.5
0.25
0.5
0.5
 8
14.1
2.5
7
7
 0.008
0.007
0.008
0.005
0.005
 0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
 0.25
0.5
-
0.25
0.25
 15.5
23
21.5
15.5
15.5
 -
1.35
0.2
0.7
1.2
 -
-
0.2
2.5
2.3
 -
-
-
-

 -
-
Ta
3.65
Ta
0.95
Ta 0.95		 -
-
9
-
-
 -
-
-

-
Incoloy (Nickel-Iron-Chromium) Alloys
800
801
802		 32.5
32.0
32.5		 0.05
0.05
0.35		 0.75
0.75
0.75		 46
44.5
46		 0.008
0.008
0.008		 0.5
0.5
0.38		 0.38
0.25
-		 21
20.5
21		 0.38
-
0.58		 0.38
1.13
0.75		 -
-
-		 -
-
-		 -
-
-		 -
-
-
804
805		 41.0
36.0		 0.05
0.12		 0.75
0.75		 25.4
Sal.		 0.008
0.02		 0.38
0.5		 0.38
0.5		 29.5
7.5		 0.3
-		 0.6
-		 -
-		 -
-
0.50		 -
-

Titanium

Titanium alloys are metals which contain a mixture of titanium and other chemical elements. Such alloys have very high tensile strength and toughness (even at extreme temperatures). They are light in weight, have extraordinary corrosion resistance and the ability to withstand extreme temperatures. However, the high cost of both raw materials and processing limit their use to military applications, aircraft, spacecraft, medical devices, connecting rods on expensive sports cars and some premium sports equipment andconsumer electronics

Although "commercially pure" titanium has acceptable mechanical properties and has been used for orthopedic and dental implants, for most applications titanium is alloyed with small amounts of aluminum and vanadium, typically 6% and 4% respectively, by weight. This mixture has a solid solubility which varies dramatically with temperature, allowing it to undergo precipitation strengthening. This heat treatment process is carried out after the alloy has been worked into its final shape but before it is put to use, allowing much easier fabrication of a high-strength product.

Trade Name UNS Titanium Industry Specifications Chemical Composition Min.Tensile
(KSI)		 Min.Yield
(KSI)		 Hardness Modulus of Elasticity Poisson's Ratio
Grade 1 UNS R50250 AMS AMS-T-81915
ASTM F67(1), B265(1), B338(1), B348(1), B381(F-1), B861(1), B862(1), B863(1), F467(1), F468(1), F1341
MIL SPEC MIL-T-81556		 C 0.10 max
Fe 0.20 max
H 0.015 max
N 0.03 max
O 0.18 max
Ti Remaining		 35 25 14.9 103 GPa 0.34-0.40
Grade 2 UNS R50400 AMS 4902, 4941, 4942, AMS-T-9046 
ASTM F67(2), B265(2), B337(2), B338(2), B348(2), B367(C-2), B381(F-2), B861(2), B862(2), B863(2), F467(2), F468(2), F1341
MIL SPECMIL-T-81556
SAE J467(A40)		 C 0.10 max
Fe 0.30 max
H 0.015 max
N 0.03 max
O 0.25 max
Ti Remaining		 50 40 14.9 103 GPa 0.34-0.10
Grade 5 UNS R56400 AMS 4905, 4911, 4920, 4928, 4930, 4931, 4932, 4934, 4935, 4954, 4963, 4965, 4967, 4993, AMS-T-9046, AMS-T-81915,AS7460, AS7461 
ASTM B265(5), B348(5), B367(C-5), B381(F-5), B861(5), B862(5), B863(5), F1472
AWS A5.16 (ERTi-5)
MIL SPEC MIL-T-81556		 AI 5.5-6.75 max
C 0.10 max
Fe 0.40 max
H 0.015 max
N 0.05 max
O 0.20 max
Ti Remaining
V 3.5-4.5		 130 120 16.4 114 GPa 0.30-0.33
Grade 7 UNS R52400 ASTM B265(7), B338(7), B348(F-7), B861(7), B862(7), B863(7), F467(7), F468(7) C 0.10 max
Fe 0.30 max
H 0.015 max
N 0.03 max
O 0.25 max
Ti Remaining
Other Pd 0.12-0.25		 50 40 14.9 103GPa -
Grade 9 UNS R56320 AMS 4943, 4944, 4945, AMS-T-9046
ASME SFA5.16(ERTi-9)
ASTM B265(9), B338(9), B348(9), B381(9), B861(9), B862(9), B863(9) 
AWS A5.16(ERTi-9)		 AI 2.5-3.5
C 0.05 max
Fe 0.25 max
H 0.013 max
N 0.02 max
O 0.12 max
Ti Remaining
V 2.0-0-3.0		 90 70 13.1 107GPa 0.34
Grade 12 UNS R53400 ASTM B265(12), B338(12), B348(12), B381(F-12), B861(12), B862(12), B863(12) C 0.08 max
Fe 0.30 max
H 0.015 max
Mo 0.2-0.4
N 0.03 max
Ni 0.6-0.9
O 0.25 max
Ti Remaining		 70 50 14.9 103GPa -